The Dai Li - Real Life References
If you compare the Dai Li and the Jinyi Wei, you’ll notice several compelling parallels:
The Dai Li are based on the Jinyi Wei
Founded in 1368 the Jinyi Wei started out as the Hong Wu Emperor’s body guards, but quickly seized power. Just one year later they were authorized to overrule courts, and had the permission to arrest, interrogate and punish literally anyone, including royalty.
The Hong Wu Emperor is the founder of the Ming Dynasty.
After he conquered what is now Beijing and founded the Ming Dynasty the Hongwu Emperor doubted his subjects’ loyalties towards him and was constantly on guard against possible rebellions and assassinations.
One of the early duties of the Jinyi Wei was to help the emperor spy on his subjects, the Inyi Wei started out with just 500 members, but grew in size to over 14,000 within the next three years. They lasted 262 years as an organization.
Name
Their name (possibly) comes from 戴笠 - Dai Li i.e. the head of the Kuomintang (KMT) Army secret service in China during the Chinese Civil War.
Notes:
Kuei is based on the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty: Puyi
Please also note that the hats the Dai Li are wearing are not dai li hats (I know it sounds plausible), but are called Qing Guanmao 清代官帽.
This is a dai li hat:




